EASYNOTE MZ35-V-049 - Laptop PB77Q04791
; sudo : jobba som root ; gksudo : grafisk sudo
bootchart
Ubuntu bootchart
http://www.dslreports.com/forum/r19664021-Ubuntu-710-Slow-start-up
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
Find lines like the following
title Ubuntu Linux stock kernel (2.6.15-23-386) root (hd0,5) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-10-generic ro root=/dev/sda6 quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.17-10-generic
and remove the options “quiet” and “splash”
Mine was taking 6 minutes to boot. Removed “RO Quiet Splash” and voila, 30 second bootup.
# /sbin/hdparm /dev/hda /dev/hda: multcount = 0 (off) I/O support = 0 (default 16-bit) unmaskirq = 0 (off) using_dma = 1 (on) keepsettings = 0 (off) nowerr = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 8 (on) geometry = 523/255/63, sectors = 8406720, start = 0
Se även http://www.vmware.com/support/reference/linux/host_perf.html
Skyddade format
Medibuntu (Multimedia, Entertainment & Distractions In Ubuntu) (ungefär Multimedia, Underhållning & Tidsfördriv I Ubuntu) är ett förråd med paket som inte kan inkluderas i Ubuntudistributionen av lagliga skäl (upphovsrätt, licens, patent, etc.)
För att kunna se på DVD
OBS: Om DVD-uppspelningen inte fungerar och du aldrig har spelat en DVD förut på ditt system, kan du behöva installera regionset-paketet för att ställa in DVD-spelarens region.
Using vobcopy is one easy way to backup an entire DVD. First, emerge media-video/vobcopy.
# emerge vobcopy
Next, insert your DVD into your DVD drive, and mount the device.
$ mount /dev/dvd
vobcopy has a lot of options for backing up the DVD files, but for now we'll just use the “mirror” option.
$ vobcopy -m
Backing up the DVD will take some time, so go take a break for a few minutes. The more content on the DVD, the longer it will take.
When it's finished, vobcopy will have dumped all the data into a directory named after the title it got from the disc, generally all in CAPS. Then, in that directory, there should be a VIDEO_TS and sometimes an AUDIO_TS directory.
Now you have an exact mirror copy of your DVD. If you were to burn that data right now, and put it in your standalone DVD player, it would play just like the old one – menus, chapters, everything. We'll cover burning DVDs later in the guide.
K3b is another way to backup a DVD, and this one is just as simple. And, if you prefer a GUI environment, then this is the method for you.
If you haven't already, emerge app-cdr/k3b with at least the dvdr USE flag.
# echo "app-cdr/k3b dvdr css" >> /etc/portage/package.use # emerge k3b
Note: The css flag is required to burn encrypted DVDs
Note: If you want to install k3bsetup to handle stuff like managing permissions, add kde to the USE flags for k3b as well.
Once that's done, fire it up, and from the Tools menu, select “Copy DVD”. The defaults will be fine, so just hit the “Start” button.
This will backup your DVD first to the harddrive, and when finished, prompt for a writable one. If you have two DVD drives (one burner, one read-only for example) then you can put the original in the read-only drive, and a blank disc in the burner and it will do everything for you.
Skriv “alsamixer” i terminal-fönster.
I have a toshiba l35-S2161 and had been through absolute hell trying to get sound working and I have finally done it! I have sound coming out of both speakers and my headphones.
Maybe someone can refine this process but it worked perfectly for me. I'm a complete linux noob but this isn't hard to do.(it was hard to figure out though. :P) Going through this myself I know how hard it can be for complete newbies to follow the seemingly easiest instructions. So I will try to explain this as simply as possible.
Here it goes.
Step one is you need the newest version of the alsa sound drivers. To do that cut and paste each line of the below code box into the terminal one at a time. Wait untill one function is done before pasting in the next. The terminal is located in applications> accessories>terminal.
sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r) wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/driver/alsa-driver-1.0.14.tar.bz2 tar -xjf alsa-driver-1.0.14.tar.bz2 cd alsa-driver-1.0.14 ./configure sudo make sudo make install
Once through all of the commands reboot your computer.
Once the computer is back up go back into the terminal and enter this:
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.conf
You will be prompted for your user account password. When you type it will look like nothing is happening but thats just a security feature.
In the text file that pops up enter this and save it:
options snd-hda-intel model=6stack-digout
Once saved reboot your computer
Once your computer is back up go back into the terminal and enter
alsamixer
Use the arrow keys to move around on this screen. On anything you see double MM on press the M key and maximize the volume. Do this to anything with the double MM.
Once you do your headphones should be working! Go to the volume control panel and go to edit>preferences> and enable surround. From what I have seen that is the one that adjusts your headphones.
WPA How-To även hjälp för att få Ubuntu att spara passphrase
Ett av de mer påtagliga estetiska problemen i Ubuntu är att fonterna är förstora och kanske inte alltid så skarpa. Vi visar vart du gör inställningarna för att få lite mindre, skarpa fonter för att du bättre ska utnyttja pixlarna på skärmen.
Problemen är som mest märkbart om du har en wide-screen med lite häftigare upplösning. Fonterna i Windows är vanligtvis på 8 punkter medan Gnome ofta ställer in storleken på 10.
Du öppnar System-menyn, väljer Preferences och klickar på Appearance. Klicka på fliken “Fonts”. Där kan du nu ställa ner fontstorleken från 10 punkter till 8.
För att få skarpare fonter ska du se till att alternativet “Subpixel” är förvalt. Det hittar du om du klickar på “Details”.
/home/<user>/.mozilla/firefox/dasdxd9w.default/sessions
Copied from http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=35087.
Hi, and welcome to the Heliode guide to successful backing-up and restoring of a Linux system!
Most of you have probably used Windows before you started using Ubuntu. During that time you might have needed to backup and restore your system. For Windows you would need proprietary software for which you would have to reboot your machine and boot into a special environment in which you could perform the backing-up/restoring (programs like Norton Ghost).
During that time you might have wondered why it wasn't possible to just add the whole c:\ to a big zip-file. This is impossible because in Windows, there are lots of files you can't copy or overwrite while they are being used, and therefore you needed specialized software to handle this.
Well, I'm here to tell you that those things, just like rebooting, are Windows CrazyThings ™. There's no need to use programs like Ghost to create backups of your Ubuntu system (or any Linux system, for that matter). In fact; using Ghost might be a very bad idea if you are using anything but ext2. Ext3, the default Ubuntu partition, is seen by Ghost as a damaged ext2 partition and does a very good job at screwing up your data.
1: Backing-up
“What should I use to backup my system then?” might you ask. Easy; the same thing you use to backup/compress everything else; TAR. Unlike Windows, Linux doesn't restrict root access to anything, so you can just throw every single file on a partition in a TAR file!
To do this, become root with
sudo su
and go to the root of your filesystem (we use this in our example, but you can go anywhere you want your backup to end up, including remote or removable drives.)
cd /
Now, below is the full command I would use to make a backup of my system:
tar cvpzf backup.tgz --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/backup.tgz --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys /
Now, lets explain this a little bit.
The 'tar' part is, obviously, the program we're going to use.
'cvpfz' are the options we give to tar, like 'create archive' (obviously),
'preserve permissions'(to keep the same permissions on everything the same), and 'gzip' to keep the size down.
Next, the name the archive is going to get. backup.tgz in our example.
Next comes the root of the directory we want to backup. Since we want to backup everything; /
Now come the directories we want to exclude. We don't want to backup everything since some dirs aren't very useful to include. Also make sure you don't include the file itself, or else you'll get weird results.
You might also not want to include the /mnt folder if you have other partitions mounted there or you'll end up backing those up too. Also make sure you don't have anything mounted in /media (i.e. don't have any cd's or removable media mounted). Either that or exclude /media.
EDIT : kvidell suggests below we also exclude the /dev directory. I have other evidence that says it is very unwise to do so though.
Well, if the command agrees with you, hit enter (or return, whatever) and sit back&relax. This might take a while.
Afterwards you'll have a file called backup.tgz in the root of your filessytem, which is probably pretty large. Now you can burn it to DVD or move it to another machine, whatever you like!
EDIT2:
At the end of the process you might get a message along the lines of 'tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors' or something, but in most cases you can just ignore that.
Alternatively, you can use Bzip2 to compress your backup. This means higher compression but lower speed. If compression is important to you, just substitute
the 'z' in the command with 'j', and give the backup the right extension.
That would make the command look like this:
tar cvpjf backup.tar.bz2 --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/backup.tar.bz2 --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys /
2: Restoring
Warning: Please, for goodness sake, be careful here. If you don't understand what you are doing here you might end up overwriting stuff that is important to you, so please take care!
Well, we'll just continue with our example from the previous chapter; the file backup.tgz in the root of the partition.
Once again, make sure you are root and that you and the backup file are in the root of the filesystem.
One of the beautiful things of Linux is that This'll work even on a running system; no need to screw around with boot-cd's or anything. Of course, if you've rendered your system unbootable you might have no choice but to use a live-cd, but the results are the same. You can even remove every single file of a Linux system while it is running with one command. I'm not giving you that command though!
Well, back on-topic.
This is the command that I would use:
tar xvpfz backup.tgz -C /
Or if you used bz2;
tar xvpfj backup.tar.bz2 -C /
WARNING: this will overwrite every single file on your partition with the one in the archive!
Just hit enter/return/your brother/whatever and watch the fireworks. Again, this might take a while. When it is done, you have a fully restored Ubuntu system! Just make sure that, before you do anything else, you re-create the directories you excluded:
mkdir proc mkdir lost+found mkdir mnt mkdir sys etc...
And when you reboot, everything should be the way it was when you made the backup!
2.1: GRUB restore
Now, if you want to move your system to a new harddisk or if you did something nasty to your GRUB (like, say, install Windows), You'll also need to reinstall GRUB.
There are several very good howto's on how to do that here on this forum, so i'm not going to reinvent the wheel. Instead, take a look here:
http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthre...t=grub+restore
There are a couple of methods proposed. I personally recommend the second one, posted by remmelt, since that has always worked for me.
Well that's it! I hope it was helpful!
As always, any feedback is appreciated!
Wine
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VMware
Envy skript för att uppdatera grafik-drivrutiner